What phenomenon is observed in a current-carrying wire when the current is changing?

Self-induction occurs in a current-carrying wire when the current within that wire is changing. This phenomenon is a result of the property of inductance, which is the ability of a conductor to generate a voltage due to a change in current. When the current flows through the wire, it creates a magnetic field around it. If the current varies, the magnetic field also changes, which induces a voltage (or electromotive force) in the same conductor due to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. This induced voltage opposes the change in current according to Lenz's law, thereby regulating the flow and stabilizing the current changes.

This phenomenon is crucial in many applications, such as in electrical circuits and transformers, where sudden changes in current must be managed effectively. Self-induction plays a major role in the design of inductors and coils, affecting how they store energy and behave in AC circuits. Understanding self-induction is essential for heavy-duty technicians, as it directly relates to managing electrical components and systems efficiently.